Este artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir a la delimitación conceptual de la renta básica. En el debate actual sobre la crisis del estado del bienestar fundamentado sobre la entelequia del pleno empleo y las consecuentes dificultades de financiación del sistema público de pensiones, la instauración de una renta básica de ciudadanía de carácter individual, universal e incondicionado se perfila en el horizonte ante todo como una utopía, pero también como una posibilidad real de racionalizar el actual sistema de seguridad social, a cuyas prestaciones contributivas no sustituirían en ningún caso, mediante un sistema de transferencias sociales que permitiera acabar con la pobreza y la exclusión social
Basic income as an abstract concept to solve the growing cases
of individuals and families at risk of social exclusion or even for all
citizens simply by residing in a given country, is not an issue that
can be easily implemented as it involves aspects not only social but
also economic since ways would have to be determined in order to
finance it.
This work is based on the concept of basic income from its farthest background, in the sixteenth century, to then describe the characteristics that differentiate it from the other benefits that already
exist to alleviate situations of need. These elements are individuality, universality and unconditionality in receiving it.
Due to the characteristics of this figure, a study is carried out
on possible financing of it as well as is linked to the notion of social
protection floors of the ILO.
Finally, the figure under study is compared with the different aids
or benefits currently in place (unemployment assistance allowances,
active insertion income and agricultural income, non-contributory
benefits, minimum autonomic income and the new vital minimum
incomde) to determine which traits differentiate it from each of them.
In conclusion, it is proposed that a phased implementation be
proposed starting with its absolutely unconditioned concession to
people (almost exclusively women) who deal with the care tasks
and other activities of support of the family home to subsequently
include other groups and therefore eliminate the complex network
of aids that exist today
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